The findings and conclusions in this write-up are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Author Contributions Conceived and developed the experiments: RMS JRH ED NM-H. Performed the experiments: RMS AM-J MT TS JRH NM-H. Analyzed the data: RMS JRH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MT ED NM-H. Wrote the paper: RMS JRH. Revision: JRH RMS. References 1. Casadevall A, Excellent JR, editors Cryptococcus neoformans. Washington, DC: ASM Press. 542 p. 2. Great JR, Casadevall A The History of Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis. In: Heitman J, Kozel TR, Kwon-Chung J, Perfect J, Casadevall A, editors. Cryptococcus: From Human Pathogen to Model Yeast. Washington, DC: ASM Press. 1726. three. Heitman J, Kozel TR, Kwon-Chung J, Best J, Casadevall A, editors Cryptococcus: from pathogen to model yeast. Washington, DC: ASM Press. 4. Bennett JE, Dismukes WE, Duma RJ, Medoff G, Sande MA, et al. A comparison of amphotericin B alone and combined with flucytosine in the remedy of cryptoccal meningitis. N Engl J Med 301: 126131. 5. Butler WT, Alling DW, Spickard A, Utz JP Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Cryptococcal Meningitis, a Followup Study of Forty Individuals. N Engl J Med 270: 5967. six. BIBS39 web Committee UKCHCSS, Garvey L, Winston A, Walsh J, Post F, et al. HIV-associated central nervous system illnesses in the current combination antiretroviral therapy era. Eur J Neurol 18: 527534. 7. Asselman V, Thienemann F, Pepper DJ, Boulle A, Wilkinson RJ, et al. 23148522 Central nervous technique issues right after starting antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. AIDS 24: 28712876. 8. Wadhwa A, Kaur R, Bhalla P Profile of central nervous system disease in HIV/AIDS sufferers with special reference to cryptococcal infections. Neurologist 14: 247251. 9. Kwon-Chung KJ, Bennett JE Epidemiologic differences in between the two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans. Am J Epidemiol 120: 123130. ten. Kwon-Chung KJ, Bennett JE Higher prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in tropical and subtropical regions. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A 257: 213218. 11. Speed B, Dunt D Clinical and host differences among infections together with the two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans. Clin Infect Dis 21: 2834; discussion 3526. 12. Lalloo D, Fisher D, Naraqi S, Laurenson I, Temu P, et al. Cryptococcal meningitis major to blindness in previously healthful Melanesian adults in Papua New Guinea. Q J Med 87: 343349. 13. Meyer W, Castaneda A, Jackson S, Huynh M, Castaneda E, et al. Molecular typing of SMER28 IberoAmerican Cryptococcus neoformans isolates. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 189195. 14. Byrnes EJ, 3rd, Li W, Lewit Y, Fantastic JR, Carter DA, et al. Initial reported case of Cryptococcus gattii within the Southeastern USA: implications for travelassociated acquisition of an emerging pathogen. PLoS One particular four: e5851. 15. Lopez-Martinez R, Soto-Hernandez JL, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, CastanonOlivares LR, Angeles-Morales V, et al. Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii amongst individuals with cryptococcal meningitis in Mexico. Initial observations. Mycopathologia 134: 6164. 16. MacDougall L, Kidd SE, Galanis E, Mak S, Leslie MJ, et al. Spread of Cryptococcus gattii in British Columbia, Canada, and detection inside the Pacific Northwest, USA. Emerg Infect Dis 13: 4250. 17. Fyfe M, MacDougall L, Romney M, Starr M, Pearce M, et al. Cryptococcus gattii infections on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada: emergence of a tropical fungus.The findings and conclusions in this report are those on the authors and do not necessarily represent the views on the Centers for Illness Manage and Prevention Author Contributions Conceived and made the experiments: RMS JRH ED NM-H. Performed the experiments: RMS AM-J MT TS JRH NM-H. Analyzed the information: RMS JRH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MT ED NM-H. Wrote the paper: RMS JRH. Revision: JRH RMS. References 1. Casadevall A, Perfect JR, editors Cryptococcus neoformans. Washington, DC: ASM Press. 542 p. two. Fantastic JR, Casadevall A The History of Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis. In: Heitman J, Kozel TR, Kwon-Chung J, Perfect J, Casadevall A, editors. Cryptococcus: From Human Pathogen to Model Yeast. Washington, DC: ASM Press. 1726. 3. Heitman J, Kozel TR, Kwon-Chung J, Ideal J, Casadevall A, editors Cryptococcus: from pathogen to model yeast. Washington, DC: ASM Press. four. Bennett JE, Dismukes WE, Duma RJ, Medoff G, Sande MA, et al. A comparison of amphotericin B alone and combined with flucytosine inside the treatment of cryptoccal meningitis. N Engl J Med 301: 126131. 5. Butler WT, Alling DW, Spickard A, Utz JP Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Cryptococcal Meningitis, a Followup Study of Forty Sufferers. N Engl J Med 270: 5967. six. Committee UKCHCSS, Garvey L, Winston A, Walsh J, Post F, et al. HIV-associated central nervous system diseases inside the current combination antiretroviral therapy era. Eur J Neurol 18: 527534. 7. Asselman V, Thienemann F, Pepper DJ, Boulle A, Wilkinson RJ, et al. 23148522 Central nervous method disorders just after beginning antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. AIDS 24: 28712876. eight. Wadhwa A, Kaur R, Bhalla P Profile of central nervous program illness in HIV/AIDS individuals with particular reference to cryptococcal infections. Neurologist 14: 247251. 9. Kwon-Chung KJ, Bennett JE Epidemiologic variations between the two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans. Am J Epidemiol 120: 123130. ten. Kwon-Chung KJ, Bennett JE Higher prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in tropical and subtropical regions. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A 257: 213218. 11. Speed B, Dunt D Clinical and host variations amongst infections together with the two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans. Clin Infect Dis 21: 2834; discussion 3526. 12. Lalloo D, Fisher D, Naraqi S, Laurenson I, Temu P, et al. Cryptococcal meningitis top to blindness in previously healthy Melanesian adults in Papua New Guinea. Q J Med 87: 343349. 13. Meyer W, Castaneda A, Jackson S, Huynh M, Castaneda E, et al. Molecular typing of IberoAmerican Cryptococcus neoformans isolates. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 189195. 14. Byrnes EJ, 3rd, Li W, Lewit Y, Great JR, Carter DA, et al. Initial reported case of Cryptococcus gattii in the Southeastern USA: implications for travelassociated acquisition of an emerging pathogen. PLoS One particular four: e5851. 15. Lopez-Martinez R, Soto-Hernandez JL, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, CastanonOlivares LR, Angeles-Morales V, et al. Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii among sufferers with cryptococcal meningitis in Mexico. 1st observations. Mycopathologia 134: 6164. 16. MacDougall L, Kidd SE, Galanis E, Mak S, Leslie MJ, et al. Spread of Cryptococcus gattii in British Columbia, Canada, and detection inside the Pacific Northwest, USA. Emerg Infect Dis 13: 4250. 17. Fyfe M, MacDougall L, Romney M, Starr M, Pearce M, et al. Cryptococcus gattii infections on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada: emergence of a tropical fungus.
