N freeboard for every DMS image (around 400 m by 600 m) and resampled the value to 400 m resolution. On the other hand, Kurtz et al. utilized an automated lead detection algorithm via the minimal signal transform [23,32] then retrieved the freeboard in the resolution of 400 m. Therefore, the two merchandise is usually compared and cross-verified at this scale. TIC may very well be calculated from the AMSR as described in R rs and Kaleschke [14] with a rather coarse spatial resolution of 25 km. This AMSR-based TIC represents the existence of open water and thin ice on sea ice leads. This TIC is conceptually equivalent to our SILF. Since the AMSR and DMS have different resolutions and geographical coverage, they can’t be compared straight. Thus, we resampled and averaged the DMS-based ice lead fractions for each and every 25 km grid cell to match the spatial resolution of AMSR data, as shown in Figure 4. Then, the imply of sea ice lead fractions within the range of every 25 km block was calculated.Remote Sens. 2021, 13,having a rather coarse spatial resolution of 25 km. This AMSR-based TIC represents the existence of open water and thin ice on sea ice leads. This TIC is conceptually equivalent to our SILF. Since the AMSR and DMS have distinct resolutions and geographical coverage, they can not be compared straight. As a result, we resampled and averaged the DMS-based ice lead fractions for each and every 25 km grid cell to match the spatial resolution of AMSR information, of 18 8 as shown in Figure four. Then, the mean of sea ice lead fractions inside the range of each and every 25 km block was calculated.Figure 4. Data fusion diagram with derived geophysical parameters andand DMS-basedice leadsleads Figure 4. Information fusion diagram with derived geophysical parameters DMS-based sea sea ice (each 25 km AMSR pixel covers about 50 point of HSR image places). (each and every 25 km AMSR pixel covers about 50 point of HSR image places).Additionally, the 25 km resampled lead fractions were also correlated with other 25 25 IACS-010759 Apoptosis,Mitochondrial Metabolism Moreover, the 25 km resampled lead fractions had been also correlated with other km resolution sea ice and atmospheric information like NSIDC sea sea motion, ERA5 air air km resolution sea ice and atmospheric data including NSIDC ice ice motion, ERA5 temperature, and wind velocity. Due to the fact kinetic moments of seasea ice movement can play an temperature, and wind velocity. Due to the fact kinetic moments of ice movement can play an essential function in formations ofof leads, 4 kinetic moments tensions were calculated significant function in formations leads, four kinetic moments or or tensions had been calculated from the NSIDC sea ice motion data by the following Repotrectinib Epigenetic Reader Domain equations [37]: from the NSIDC sea ice motion data by the following equations [37]: = Fx + Fy (3) (three) divergence = x y Fx (4) = Fy vorticity = – (4) x y (five) = Fy Fx (5) shearing de f ormation = + x y (6) = F F x – y stretching de f ormation = (6) x y exactly where and refer to the velocity of sea ice along the x and y axes, respectively. Diwhere Fx and Fy refer for the velocity of sea ice along the x and y axes, respectively. Diververgence is often a measure of parcel region alter with no the modify of orientation or shape, gence is really a measure of parcel region adjust without having the alter of orientation or shape, and and vorticity is a measure of orientation change devoid of location or shape change. Shearing vorticity can be a measure of orientation transform with no area or shape modify. Shearing and stretching deformation are measures of shape adjust produce.
